Luoyang is the ruins of the old capital of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Wei and Jin Dynasties, Western Jin Dynasty and Northern Wei Dynasty. As far as site exploration is concerned, it is an irregular rectangular city that is long from north to south and narrow from east to west. There are several winding city walls in the east, west and north, and the south wall has been lost due to the migration of Luoshui.

Now measure the remaining city wall, the west wall is 4290 meters long and the wall is 20 meters wide; The north slope is about 3700 meters long and 25 to 30 meters wide. The East Garden is about 3895 meters long and 14 meters wide. Based on this, the measured scheme is basically consistent with the literature. Ten doors are missing in the west, north and east.

According to the exploration results, from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Northern Wei Dynasty, the defense facilities in Luoyang City were quite complete. In addition, when building cities, people attach great importance to urban drainage.

Although ceramic water pipes have been found in Pingliangtai in Huaiyang, Henan Province and Joo Won? Palace in Shaanxi Province in the middle and late Longshan culture, they seem to be used for drainage. But in such a big city as Luoyang ancient city, it is worth mentioning that the water supply and drainage problems should be carefully considered to form an urban drainage system.

Luoyang Ancient City in Han and Wei Dynasties continued to be used for nearly 1600 years, and it was the largest ancient capital of China. The square system in the capital city and the "building in the building" system in China were both formed here, and so were the later capitals. During the Zhou, Han, Jin and Wei Dynasties, more than 80 emperors were in power here. This is an important period of China's social and cultural transformation from ancient times to the Middle Ages.

There were only four contacts between the Roman Empire and ancient China, three of which (including the first time) were in the old city of Luoyang in the Han and Wei Dynasties, so there was a saying that there was Rome in the west and Luoyang in the east. Witnessed the first extension of the Silk Road to Europe and the beginning of cultural exchanges between China and the West. When Sima Guang visited the ancient city of Han and Wei Dynasties in the Northern Song Dynasty, he said, "If you ask about the rise and fall of ancient and modern times, please only look at Luoyang City." Almost sighed.

Extended data:

Site status:

The existing plane is rectangular, and the wall of Chengnan City was washed away by water because of the north shift of Luohe River. The north, east and west walls are well preserved. Some sections are about 5 ~ 7 meters from the ground. Including the northwest corner of Jinyong city, the north wall is about 3700 meters long and 25-30 meters wide; The residual wall of Xicheng is about 4290 meters long and 20 meters wide. The residual length of Dongcheng wall is about 3895m, and its width is14m. City perimeter 14 km.

The city wall is made of rammed earth, and the mark of the stick eye is especially obvious. Some of the city walls also have piers and abutments protruding outside the city, including four in the northern section of the western wall and three in the eastern section of the northern wall. The distance between piers and abutments is110 ~120m, which is similar to the "horse face" built by the city wall later. There is a moat site outside the city wall. Guo Cheng outside the Northern Wei Dynasty was completely destroyed, and a small amount of rammed earth walls remained in South Guo Cheng.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Luoyang City Ruins in Han and Wei Dynasties