Before the Han dynasty, women had no clothes, and it was not until the Han dynasty that they put on open-backed pants. "The Biography of the Queen Shangguan in Hanshu" said: "Although the imperial envoys are poor in pants, they bring more." The so-called "poor pants" are open-backed pants. The purpose of wearing open-backed pants is to facilitate defecation, but this is * * * * *, which is also logical. In this case, at least until the Tang Dynasty, the Japanese made kimonos with Tang costumes, and it seemed that women wore kimonos. Some people also say that kimono is the transformation of "five clothes", which comes from 800 boys and girls in Jiangnan. Women * * * * * retain the basic features of ancient people's clothes in China. "The only Japanese invention is the man's crotch cloth, which is still in the huge hip seam in sumo wrestlers."
The top of a woman's abdominal pocket, that is, the upper pocket in the abdominal pocket, is named because it can't easily show the essence of wearing. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, women's close-fitting clothes were mainly fastened, which were generally worn by maids-in-waiting, emphasizing embroidery decoration. It is a kind of "waist underpants" and the predecessor of "Chinese-style chest covering". Started in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, it was the title of underwear in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Its structural feature is to tighten the chest to prevent cold, which is used to restrain and fix the chest. Also known as Dou Du, square or diamond blocks are common, which can be divided into plain colors and embroidery. There are ropes at the left and right corners, tied at the back, with or without bags.
2. What were the ancient clothes called? The first is the "deep clothing" system of "connecting from top to bottom".
Because it is connected from top to bottom, it is called a deep coat. Deep clothes are divided into straight lines and curves according to whether the hem is wrapped around the hem.
Including straight clothes, crooked clothes, robes, straight clothes, robes and so on. The second is the "deep service" system, which is divided into "up and down", including coronation and porch, and is the formal dress for the monarch and officials to participate in grand ceremonies such as sacrifices.
The third is the "skirt" system, that is, tops, which are classified according to styles, including double collar (also known as straight collar), cross collar (also known as oblique collar) and flat collar (also known as U collar). Skirts, that is, lower skirts, are usually conjoined skirts, which are divided into pleated skirts and bedsheet skirts according to their production methods. In fact, it also belongs to the skirt system under the coat, but there are not many etiquette rules in this way, which is generally used for uniforms.
Extended materials Hanfu mainly consists of the following parts: collar/neck (jρn): collar; Rin: skirt, look at the cover direction (especially the outer skirt); Jin (jρn): I agree. However, when used, it refers to the overlapping parts of clothes, which are distinguished by inner and outer (or front and back) lapels; Yuán: the edge of clothes, including collar edge, sleeve edge and skirt edge; Jū: The hem of clothes, especially the front of clothes.
Can be divided into straight and curved; Mèi: sleeves; Remove (qù): handcuffs. Hanfu is divided into three lengths: garment, garment and garment.
The seam between the sleeve and lapel is called seam, and the cuff is called seam. A complete Hanfu usually has three layers: underwear, underwear and coat.
Baidu encyclopedia-hanfu-body types.
3. What were the costumes of ancient men and women? China enjoys the reputation of "clothing kingdom".
China's clothing art includes clothes, hats, shoes and socks, hairstyles, makeup and decorations. (1) Clothes, robes, skirts and clothes are the main parts of clothes, which were called body clothes in ancient China.
There are two basic forms of traditional clothing in China, one is that the top is under the skirt, and the other is that the clothes are connected together, which have been used alternately through the evolution of past dynasties. Ancient coats were called reeds, which were divided into lengths and single clips.
Winter clothes are mainly fur, fur is leather, fox skin is the most expensive, and most of them are worn by nobles. The poor and low-ranking people wear brown clothes, mostly made of animal fur or coarse hemp, so they are often called "brown husbands".
In ancient times, there were several kinds of underwear, such as petticoats and skirts. Skirts are skirts and pants are pants. There are only two pairs of trousers, which are similar to trousers. Because they are usually made of fine silk, they are called "playboys". Rich children wear playboy, so they are called "playboy".
It's crotch pants, also called poor pants. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there were clothes connected from top to bottom, which were called "deep clothes" at that time and gradually evolved into robes.
The official clothes of the Tang and Song Dynasties, the sun clothes of the Yuan Dynasty, the drag of the Ming Dynasty and the mandarin jacket and cheongsam of the Qing Dynasty are all related to their inheritance. In the history of China, the evolution of clothing has been constantly swinging in two aspects: wide robe and big sleeves, long skirt and silk shoes, short coat and trousers, and narrow skirt and leather boots.
The main feature of Han nationality's clothing is wide robe and big sleeves. Influenced by ethnic costumes, they also wear Hu clothes and short trousers. The robes, mandarin jackets and cheongsam in Qing Dynasty are a great development of costume art. ..
Women's cheongsam is relatively wide at first, and gradually narrows at the waist, which highlights the beauty of women's figure and eventually becomes a clothing style representing the elegance of women in China. (2) Crown Shoes and Boots In ancient China, people called the clothes decorated on their heads "headdresses", which mainly included crowns, crowns, cloaks and cloaks.
Crown is a hat worn by nobles in the Fang Dynasty, and there are more than a dozen in the Han Dynasty. Ancient men held a coronation ceremony at the age of 20, indicating that they entered adulthood.
The crown is a special crown for ancient emperors, which is often used in the most solemn occasions. Only the heir to the throne can be crowned.
Ge is a crown worn in general occasions, which is divided into two types: Jue Ge and Pigou. The former is a literary crown, and the latter is a military attache. Ai is a towel for wrapping hair, also called towel or towel, or handkerchief, head or head.
Ge was popular among the people from the beginning, and it was also used by nobles since the Han and Yuan Dynasties. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, there appeared hoes that cut cloth into four corners and put it on the head. After several generations of Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties, the hoe changed its style and became the main crown hat.
In the Ming Dynasty, officials wore official uniforms. In the Qing Dynasty, officials wore conical hats.
China's boots and shoes have a very long history. In the Xia and Shang Dynasties, straw sandals woven with grass and slippers made of animal skins appeared.
In the Zhou Dynasty, people used hemp and kudzu vine to weave shoes, which was called Ma Xie. During the Spring and Autumn Period, shoes and other shoes appeared.
Shoes sewn with silk are also very popular among literati. In ancient times, shoes with single soles were called "shoes" and shoes with complex soles were called "shoes".
Clogs have become popular in society since Qin and Han Dynasties. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, officials in the south still wore silk shoes, while northerners wore ankle boots.
Since then, leather boots and silk shoes have become the main types of boots and shoes worn by the ancients. In the Three Kingdoms period, socks changed from the triangle inherited by Xia Dynasty to the foot shape woven with silk thread, which is similar to the socks now.
(3) Head Facial Makeup In ancient times, children's hair was shaped into a small angle, called the total angle. When a man is crowned at the age of 20, he should tie his hair in a stiff style. This is called knotting, which has become the basic hairstyle of Han people in past dynasties.
In the Qing Dynasty, people in the village, whether Manchu or not, shaved their foreheads and dragged a long braid behind their heads. In ancient China, when a woman reached the age of 15, she would hold a gift, tie her hair in a bun, and then put on a hairpin to show that she was an adult.
Hairstyles of ancient adult women can be basically divided into two categories: one is braided hairstyle, which is divided into single braid and double braid. From the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the Qin and Han Dynasties, women all wore double braids.
In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, women wore more than one braid. This hairstyle is mostly adopted by women in the middle and lower classes who get married last.
Secondly, there are two ways to comb. One is a fake bun, which is to make other people's hair or ponytail into the required style and wear it on their heads, which is generally used by rich people. The second is to tie up the hair with ribbons and weave it into various shapes, mainly including new-style bun, spiral bun, cross bun, single-ring bun and double-ring bun.
The facial makeup of ancient women was very distinctive. There was a peach face in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and later it gradually evolved into a red makeup. Flower makeup was first produced in the Han Dynasty.
In the Tang Dynasty, flower buds, forehead yellow makeup and fashionable makeup were popular for a long time. In thrush skills, ancient women are even more amazing.
In the Han dynasty, there were distant eyebrows, new makeup and angry faces, and eight-character eyebrows. In the Three Kingdoms period, flying moths and green eyebrows were created.
In the Tang dynasty, Yuanyang eyebrow appeared again. (4) Jewelry mainly refers to finger ornaments and ornaments on hands, necks and arms, mainly including hairpin, hairpin, walking, comb, headdress, earrings, necklaces, arm ornaments and finger ornaments.
A hairpin is a long needle used to fix a bun. In ancient times, both men and women used chopsticks, mostly made of bamboo at first, and then gradually made of bones, ivory, copper, gold and silver. , increasingly sophisticated technology, exquisite patterns.
Hairpins are double-headed needles for fixing a bun. Hairpins are made into various shapes, carved with dragons and phoenixes, inlaid with pearls and jade, painted with flowers and carved with grass, which is particularly luxurious. Step shake, also known as bead pendant, is a kind of hairpin decorated with golden jade beads, which shakes with people when walking, hence the name.
Jewelry is a variety of accessories specially worn on the body, including jade, Dai, ribbon, sachet, fish bag, sabre and so on. Wearing jade is the custom of the ancients.
The ancients wore jade to pray for good luck, both singly and in various combinations. Most jade is worn around the waist.
Wear colorful ribbons, usually made of silk, kudzu vine and hides, embroidered with patterns and tied around the waist. During the Song and Ming Dynasties, when officials went to court, they were asked to tie a glass ribbon made of gold thread or a red ribbon decorated with jade.
When ancient women got married, they would tie a ribbon called "tassel" to show their belonging. The sword-wearing custom has been popular in China for several generations.
During the Qin and Han dynasties, all officials wore swords, and this trend continued until the Southern and Northern Dynasties. In the Song and Ming Dynasties, the custom of men wearing swords still existed.
In ancient times, color, material or texture showed the dignity or gender occupation of the wearer, so many clothing words became synonymous with some characters, and some of them are common even today. We have compiled the following words: Thousands of hands: Civilians in the Qin Dynasty wrapped their heads in black headscarves, so they generally refer to civilians.
Woman: the headscarf worn by ancient women, so it refers to women. Huang Guan: The Crown of Yellow Hair.
Because it is the crown of a Taoist priest, it refers to a Taoist priest. Golden Sable: After the Han Dynasty, the emperor was the crown of the left and right officials, so it refers to officials.
Yellow clothes: Taoist priests wear them.
4. What are the names of clothes worn in ancient times? Different dynasties and periods have different names.
Both men and women in Shang Dynasty adopted the shape of the upper and lower sections, and put on clothes and dresses. Later generations called clothes "clothes", which was derived from this.
The greatest contribution of the Western Zhou Dynasty and its influence on later generations is the perfection of the dress system (also known as the crown service system).
During the Qin and Han dynasties, it was called "praising clothes, big skirts, hugging abdomen and heart clothes".
In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, there were also "robes" and "shirts", and shirts were a necessary costume in the Jin Dynasty. "Qiu" is extremely precious at this time, especially mink.
During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the costume system of the Tang Dynasty, which was based on the mutual influence and systematic formation of Hu costume and Han costume, appeared the parallel situation of "legal costume" and "regular costume", and the costumes of the Tang Dynasty also had great influence on neighboring countries.
The official system in Song Dynasty basically followed the previous generation, so the official clothes in the palace were similar to those in the previous generation, which were divided into royal clothes, sacrificial clothes, official clothes, military uniforms, mourning clothes and seasonal clothes.
The Yuan Dynasty was an era of ethnic integration in China's history, and costumes also fully reflected this feature. The "quality sun suit" system with big beads on the shoulders is called "monochrome suit" or "quality sun suit" by the Han people.
The Qing Dynasty was a political institution ruled by Manchu rulers. The customs and habits of the flag bearer influenced the Central Plains, and the flag bearer appeared, such as cheongsam.
Nowadays, the popular ancient costumes are "Hanfu", "Tangzhuang" and cheongsam.
Extended data
Cheongsam, the traditional dress of women in China and even China in the world, is known as the quintessence of China and the national costume of women. Although there are many controversies about its definition and time, it is still one of the most splendid phenomena and forms in China's long-standing costume culture.
Cheongsam was formed in the 1920s. Some scholars believe that its origin can be traced back to the deep clothes in the pre-Qin and Han dynasties. It became the most common women's dress after the 1920s, and 1929 was designated as one of the national dresses by the Republic of China.
Since 1950s, cheongsam has been gradually neglected in Chinese mainland, especially during the Cultural Revolution, which was criticized as "feudal dross" and "bourgeois sentiment".
After 1980s, with Chinese mainland's re-emphasis on traditional culture and the influence of film and television culture, fashion shows and beauty contests, cheongsam not only gradually revived in Chinese mainland, but also spread all over the world.