From the clothes of the upper class in the Renaissance to the dazzling fashion design, France has always been at the forefront of fashion trends, with a large number of designers and novel styles and fabrics, leading the fashion trends in Europe and even the world. As a fashion capital, Paris holds numerous fashion shows and various fashion fairs every year, attracting fashion designers from all over the world to observe and communicate.
In the French fashion world, many world-renowned fashion enterprises have settled in Paris. There are world-class fashion masters, students from Paris Haute Couture Institute dare to think of any style and match any color, and there are world-class consumer groups, which can turn fashion into rags. Behind the excitement, there is a team that can be called the trend leader of the fashion capital-the French Association of High Fashion and Ready-to-wear Designers. The limit and energy of this association should not be underestimated. Almost all the high-end fashion activities in the fashion capital have its shadow behind them.
The French Association of Haute Couture and Garment Designers was established in 1973, which consists of four federations, among which Haute Couture Federation is the oldest, and was established in 1868. There are also the Association of Senior Ready-to-wear Designers and the Association of Senior Men's Wear, which were established in 1973. The French National Federation of Handicrafts and Related Industries has joined since 1975. The association has more than 10 world-renowned high-end fashion companies, and also runs fashion schools.
The association was established to meet the needs of fashion development. Its main responsibility is to draft and implement an overall industry policy that can be accepted by various industry associations, organize biannual high fashion shows and foreign French high fashion shows, and promote French high fashion. The association is also responsible for arranging the timetable of clothing display and news release, and submitting the timetable to journalists, brokers, registered customers and related business consultants.
One of the main goals of the association is to provide special and suitable exhibition venues for fashion designers. High-end fashion requires elegance and fashion. Since 1977, most fashion shows have been held in Paris Convention and Exhibition Building. Subsequently, the association successfully introduced the fashion show to the largest underground shopping mall in Europe-Paris Market Square, Xiale Palace opposite the Eiffel Tower, Museum of Modern Art and Versailles Exhibition Center. 1982, the exhibition venue was expanded to the Louvre in the center of Paris and the Royal Garden of Tuileries. The fashion shows in June 5438+ 10 and March were attended by more than 2,000 buyers and 800 buyers respectively, which were unmatched by other cities in both momentum and scale. Paris has won the title of "fashion capital of the world" for itself.
The association also provides services for its members, including approving the qualifications of enterprises participating in fashion shows and recommending fashion enterprises to participate in performances abroad, thus occupying the world fashion market. More than 70% of the export trade of French high-end fashion is undertaken by the member enterprises of the Association. In order to improve the overall image and influence, France holds or participates in a fashion show jointly organized by several famous fashion designers in the form of bundling famous brands every year. This will not only bring benefits to the company, but also win glory for French fashion.
The association also participated in some cultural publicity activities. Because French fashion is a symbol of French high quality and creativity in the eyes of the public, especially foreigners, and a perfect combination of art and industry. High-end fashion participating in cultural activities can make fashion designers draw more inspiration and innovate their designs. The association provides members with information and suggestions on laws and regulations in economy, finance and trade, so as to let members know the latest trends of the industry. At the same time, the association spared no effort to protect the intellectual property rights of enterprises. Brands, patents, drawings and samples of brand-name fashion are easy to be illegally infringed and smuggled. The Association cooperates with the National Anti-Smuggling Committee of the Ministry of Economy, Finance and Industry and other relevant departments to combat all forms of infringement on its member enterprises in France, the European Union and other countries.
From the perspective of training designers, the Association has also strengthened the communication between garment schools and enterprises, ensured the training and education of handicraft talents, and focused on selecting and training young designers, so that students can selectively practice in well-known brand enterprises during school and after graduation, get in touch with famous fashion designers, learn the essence of French fashion through practice, and master superb design skills.
Paris, known as the fashion capital, is a comprehensive factor, not built in a day. It is not easy to keep this reputation, and a steady stream of talents is needed. Fortunately, excellent designers from all over the world want to show their elegance on the stage in Paris, which makes the fashion show in Paris more and more international and diversified. In the past two years, the fashion industry in Paris has flourished, and fashions from South Korea, Japan and China have become a new force to be reckoned with, injecting new vitality into Paris fashion. (End)
New york: A New Star in fashion capital of the world
A grotesque statue stands beside Seventh Avenue in Manhattan Island, new york, USA: a silvery white sewing needle, thicker than a bowl and more than ten meters long, passes through a huge button, and its tip points to the ground. Not far from it, there is another statue more than one person high, which depicts a garment worker, wearing a Jewish hat, sitting by a sewing machine, absorbed in sewing clothes. These two sculptures are not only landmark sculptures in new york Fashion District, but also reflect the history that new york started from the clothing industry and gradually became one of fashion capital of the world.
The modern clothing industry in new york was formed in the 1940s. After World War II, a group of American fashion designers began to emerge, and new york gradually became an important fashion city. In the 1960s and 1970s, new york's fashion gradually formed its own style, which attracted the attention of the international fashion industry. New york's fashion style seems to reflect the fast-paced life and open and uninhibited lifestyle in this new continent of the United States. Compared with the aristocratic temperament that often appears in European countries, new york's fashion seems to be more popular and civilian, while new york's fashion designers seem to emphasize the publicity of individuality, which is both functional and comfortable, and bring leisure style and minimalism into full play in their designs. New york's fashion dealers make full use of these characteristics. They adopt flexible publicity and marketing strategies to produce a large number of comfortable and durable new york fashions with diversified prices, which are suitable for all walks of life and are sold all over the world.
Compared with fashion capital of the world, such as Paris, Milan and London, although new york entered fashion capital of the world late and has a thin historical and cultural heritage, the development of fashion industry needs fashion figures, high-spending people, culture and art.
Key elements such as technical atmosphere, advertising creativity and means are the proud features of new york, which is known as the "World Capital". New york is not only a financial and commercial center in the world, but also an important cultural and artistic center in the world. There are celebrities from all over the world, highly mature business operation concepts and models, highly concentrated news media advertisements, and unconventional and eclectic multiculturalism. Therefore, it is not surprising that new york can complete the road that other established fashion cities took a long time to complete in a short time and become a rising star in fashion capital of the world. Although New York Fashion Week, which started in the late 1980s, is slightly inferior to Paris and Milan Fashion Week in history and fame, it has touched the international fashion world with its commercial success and regarded it as an important marketing channel.
The rapid rise of new york's fashion industry, to a certain extent, benefits from attaching great importance to fashion education. At present, there are 8 colleges specializing in fashion education and research in this city, including the famous new york Fashion Technology College. Established in 1944, this fashion college has * * * 12000 students from the United States and many countries in the world, with more than 2800 classes, which is the largest of its kind in the world. At present, the college offers hundreds of courses, which can award degrees in different professional fields from associate degree to master degree.
The College is located in the famous fashion district of new york, with more than 65,438+040 design rooms and laboratories, a museum and a library with nearly 65,438+050,000 professional books, where more than 7 million prototype materials and works of world-class designers have been preserved since the 65,438+08 century. The college emphasizes the close combination of theory and practice in teaching, makes full use of the rich resources and teaching practice opportunities provided by new york fashion industry, and often lets students visit fashion design rooms, exhibition halls and fashion enterprises all over the city to study and participate in practice, and lets famous designers and senior managers who are active in the front line of fashion industry come to the college to teach students and hold lectures and seminars. These activities greatly broaden students' horizons and enable them to pay close attention to the latest development and fashion trends of fashion industry at the first time. After graduation,
At present, there are about 70,000 employees in new york's fashion industry, and there are more than 5,000 fashion exhibition halls and fashion enterprise agencies in the city, with annual sales exceeding 20 billion US dollars. In addition, fashion-related exhibitions and business negotiations bring more than $654.38 billion in revenue to hotels, restaurants and transportation in new york every year. Today, new york's fashion industry is a well-deserved pillar industry in New York State.
In recent years, the rapid development of information technology and the process of economic globalization have also brought some changes to the development model of new york fashion industry. Nowadays, designers can easily send fashion design drawings to overseas garment factories by email, and use the cheap labor there to produce fashion on a large scale. As a result, the total number of employees in new york's fashion industry has declined in the past few years. More fashion companies turn their eyes to smaller batch and more personalized fashion production, including large fashion companies that win customers with high quality and fine workmanship by traditional routes, and small trendy fashion companies that win with flexibility and speed and realize the latest fashion trends to the market at the fastest speed. (End)
Italy: the fashion mystery that swept the world
Recently, at the 2005 spring/summer women's wear exhibition held in Milan, Italy's "fashion capital", the works of "top figures" in Italian fashion, such as George Almani and Misa Prada, caused a sensation again. Fabric with special texture, novel and unique TINT and handbags with different styles have attracted the attention of people in the industry all over the world.
Milan Fashion Week has always been praised by the industry as a "barometer" leading the new trend of fashion design and consumption in the world. In addition to Milan Fashion Week held in spring and autumn every year, Rome Haute Couture Fashion Show and Pitty Men's Wear Show held regularly in Rome and Florence, a famous cultural city in central China, have also become the weather vane to predict the international men's fashion trend in the coming year. From men's and women's clothes, hats and purses to perfumes, umbrellas and glasses, "Made in Italy" has become synonymous with world-famous fashion.
According to figures provided by the Italian Fashion Federation, the annual turnover of Italian fashion industry reached 82 billion US dollars last year, and Italian fashion products now account for one third of the world market share. What makes Italian fashion famous in the world? According to industry insiders, the famous brand effect is the main reason.
Italy has one third of the world's top fashion designers. Their design style is unique and self-contained. The fashion designed by designer Valentino is not only favored by ladies, but also by ordinary people and children. Eager hope/persistence
The women's dresses designed by Lestrade are famous for their soft and sweet colors. The fashion designed by Almani, a master designer with elegant style, is relaxed and casual, and is deeply loved by the world famous actor Schwarzenegger and designers from France and the United States. Prada fashion is the perfect embodiment of "women's dignity and maturity, gentleness and kindness". The lines of clothing are simple and smooth, and the colors are fresh and natural, giving people a nostalgic and modern feeling.
People will inevitably ask, why has Italy become a prolific country for fashion designers? Someone once said: "Italian fashion designers are knowledgeable and familiar with folk customs." When designing fashion, they are eclectic and free to play, paying special attention to designing from the three-dimensional perspective of the human body, just like packaging a building, so the designed clothing can show the three-dimensional beauty. " The artistic aesthetic taste of these designers benefits from Italy's long culture and history.
Italy's cultural monuments and artistic treasures are everywhere, some in churches open to the public, and some in streets or squares. These places are always influenced by art, and designers integrate artistic taste into their own designs, thus creating fine works with artistic taste.
In addition, the Italian Fashion Association in Milan has also played an important role in promoting the development of Italian fashion industry and protecting and improving the image of Italian and world fashion industry for half a century. From 65438 to 0997, this important national self-discipline trade association cooperated with Lombardy regional government, Italian clothing association and industrial design association to train and educate young people in fashion design, which promoted the spread and development of fashion culture. these
Students can have the opportunity to have "zero-distance contact" with famous brand designers during their school days, and receive training and edification in the studio.
Another important factor to show Italian fashion is its unique fabric quality and world-class printing and dyeing technology. Designer Balestra designs hundreds of fabrics with different colors and patterns every year, which is very popular with customers. Some designers often use their own fabrics to make fashion. From the fabric point of view, natural fiber fabrics such as cotton and linen are especially favored by designers. Among them, suits mostly use blended materials such as wool, wool and linen, while shirts mostly use textile manufacturing technology to achieve rich texture effects.
The secret of the success of Italian fashion industry lies in the "marriage" between famous designers and textile and garment processing enterprises. Almani, the richest man in Italian fashion industry, attached importance to the combination of fashion design and production enterprises in related fields at the beginning of his establishment in 1970s, and sold his own trademark authorization to market his products and realize his own value. At present, the fashions designed by Armanni are mainly produced by GFT Group, the largest clothing manufacturer in China. Since 1980s, Almani has cooperated with Italian glasses manufacturer Lookotica to produce "Almani Glasses Series", which is specially sold in optical shops and Almani stores. This successful example was later imitated by other fashion designers. Strong brand awareness gives these textile and garment manufacturers a strong competitive advantage and consolidates Italy's leading position in the international fashion industry.
The famous brand effect of Italian fashion is also closely related to its superb promotion activities. Every year, in addition to holding fashion shows and trade fairs in Milan and Florence, Italian authorities also hold fashion shows in Piazza Espa? a in Rome, Piazza Navona and Capri Island in the southern city of Naples to expand their influence. Brand-name products such as Almani, Prada and Valentino have also opened stores in the busy streets of world-famous cities such as new york, Tokyo, Rome and Paris to enhance their popularity, and their effects have greatly exceeded advertising. (End)